'startx -- :1 -bpp 24&'

  'cd44ul',
  'mkdir patch',
  'cd patch',
  'ftp ftp.gwdg.de',
    'cd /linux/kernel/v2.0/',
    'bin',
    'hash',
    'get patch-2.0.31.gz',
    'bye',
  'gzip -d patch-2.0.31.gz',
  [root on a Linux machine:]
  'cd /usr/src',
  'cp -Rdp linux-2.0.30 linux-2.0.31',
  'rm linux',
  'ln -s linux-2.0.31 linux',
  'mkdir /usr/src/v2.0.30',
  'cd /usr/src/v2.0.30',
  'ln -s ../linux-2.0.30 linux',
  'cd /usr/src',
  'patch -p0 < /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/patch/patch-2.0.31',
  'cd linux',
  'rm -f `find . -name "*.orig"`',
  'make menuconfig'
  [proceed in the normal way to create a kernel, see below].

The entire system (configuration, additional installed software packages, help system, new glibc and kernel 2.2.x based distribution [S.u.S.E. <--?--> Debian]) will be changed till mid 1999.
First steps had been done by installing all software not part of the underlying distribution in a directory structure rooting in '/usr/astro'. New software (after beeing tested in user directories) will be installed in this directory on the 'aibn46' (something like a master copy). After testing that everything works (execution, man-pages etc.) the whole tree structure will be synchronized by 'rsync'. Its remote-update protocol allows rsync to transfer just the differences between two sets of files across the network link, beeing done by the following commands:

      'rsync -avzn --delete aibn46:/usr/astro /usr'

      'rsync -avz --delete aibn46:/usr/astro /usr'

   'a' - archive, i.e. recursion and preservation,
   'delete' - deleting files on the receiving side that aren't
              on the sending side,
   'v' - verbose, i.e. increase in given information,
   'z' - compress, transferring compressed data on slow links,
   'n' - dry-run, i.e. not transferring any data but reporting about
         the faked action.

  'cd /usr/src/linux',
  'make menuconfig'
     (setting the features of the new kernel),
  'make dep; make clean; make zImage'
     (creating the new kernel),
  'cd /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot',
  'mv zImage /boot/kernel.2.0.30',
  'cd /',
  'mv vmlinuz /boot/kernel.2.0.30.old',
  'ln -s /boot/kernel.2.0.30 /vmlinuz'
  'ln -s /boot/kernel.2.0.30.old /vmlinuz.old'
  'cd /etc',
  'vi liloconf'
    (add the old kernel 'vmlinuz.old'),
  'lilo'
     (setting the LinuxLoader to the current configuration),
  'reboot'
     (rebooting the system to load the new kernel).

  'Option      "power_saver"'.

• '^A': setting the cursor to the beginning of the command line,
• '^E': setting the cursor to the end of the command line,
• '^W': deleting everything in the command line left to the cursor position,
• '^L': resetting X window screen after a message, e.g. from 'newmail' about an incoming message; please be sure not to be in insert mode (just press 'Esc') when you use it in 'vi',
• '^C': interrupting an ongoing procedure,
• '^Z': stopping a program (resuming it in foreground by the 'fg' or in background by the 'bg' UNIX command),
• '^D': quit the xterm (analogue to the UNIX commands 'logout' or 'exit'),
• 'Ctrl-Alt-Backspace': end the X window manager on Linux systems.

  'vi /etc/login.defs'
     (search for "CONSOLE" and comment this line by a leading '#'; this
      enables root login from everywhere [with password of course]),
  'vi /etc/rc.config'
     (there must be the line 'START_SMB ="no"' for no Samba support),
  'vi /root/.rhosts'
     (normally, this file will be created on a new machine and should contain
      the following lines:
        'aibn25 root',
        'aibn31 root',
        'aibn32 root',
        'aibn33 root',
        'aibn34 root',
        'aibn42 root',
        'aibn43 root',
        'aibn44 root',
        'aibn45 root',
        'aibn55 root',
        'aibn58 root',
        'aibn70 root',
        'aibn71 root',
        'aibn90 root',
        'aibn91 root'),
  'chmod 600 /root/.rhosts'
     (the same as: 'chmod u+rw /root/.rhosts'),
  'vi /etc/inetd.conf'
     (replace the line
        'shell stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.rshd -L'
      by the line
        'shell stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.rshd -Lh'
      and replace the line
        'login stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.rlogind'
      by the line
        'login stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.rlogind -h'),
  [no updating "inetd":]
  'ps -guxa | grep inetd'
     (look for process ID: PID),
  'kill -HUP PID'
     (replace PID by the number you got by the 'ps' command above;
      this command will restart "inetd" and it is described in the
      file '/etc/inetd.conf').

  /dev/hda3       swap        swap    defaults   0   0
  /dev/hda2       /           ext2    defaults   1   1
  /dev/hda4       /usr        ext2    defaults   1   2
  /dev/hda1       /dosc       msdos   defaults   0   0
  /dev/hdb1       /aibn45_2   ext2    defaults   1   2
  ...
  /dev/hdd        /cdrom      iso9660 ro,user,noauto,unhide
  ...
  aibn40:/local   /local      nfs     rw,soft,bg 0   0
  ...
  # Device        Mount-Point Type   Options   Dump Check

  'cd /sbin/init.d',
  './nfsserver stop'
    (you will get the message: 'Shutting down NFS server: SIGTERM rpc.mountd
     SIGTERM rpc.nfsd'),
  './nfsserver start'

  'cd /etc/init.d',
  './nfs-server stop'
    (you will get the message: 'Stopping NFS servers: mountd nfsd.'),
  './nfs-server start'
    (you will get the message: 'Starting NFS servers: nfsd mountd.').

  'rcp aibn44:/etc/hosts.equiv hosts.equiv'.

  1) adding new disks to automounter:
  [as root on aibn75:]
  cd /aibn75_1/install/autofs
  vi auto.vol
  vi amd.links

  2) starting new automounter on a system, e.g. aibn35:
  [as root on aibn35:]
  cd /aibn75_1/install/autofs
  ./install_amd.sh

  ~~~~~~--- old SuSE systems, no longer available ---~~~~~~
  [as root on aibn38:]
  'cd ~sysstw/linux/inst/files',
  'vi amd.links'
     (list of necessary links to historical mountpoints);
  'vi amd.stw'
     (replacement of 'fstab', example:
        '# default options',
        '/defaults       opts:=rw,intr,soft,nosuid,grpid;fs:=${autodir}${rfs}',
        '#',
        '# aibn-Volumes',
        'aibn25_1a       host!=aibn25;type:=nfs;rhost:=aibn25;rfs:=/${key} \',
        '                || type:=link;fs:=/export/${key}'
      and further lines);
  [as root on aibn??:]
  '~sysstw/linux/inst/install amd'.

• 'make_j_dirs': creating the directories '/j00a', '/j01a' etc.;
• 'mo_mount_all': first unmounting and then mounting all available juke-box MOs
  ('mount -t nfs -o hard,intr aibn58:/j00a /j00a', ...).
  Please note that the currently used Linux version has a limited number of mounted devices, so you should only mount the MOs needed at a special PC (on the MIPS/Alphas all MOs are mounted, so you can login on one of these and get your desired data). This is done by the following commands:

    'cd /',
    '/softw90/linux/mo_utils/make_j_dirs'
      (if not done before),
    'cp /softw90/linux/INSTALL/etc/motab_Beispiel /etc/motab',
    'vi /etc/motab'
       (for each MO one line, e.g.:
          '/j00a',
        and make sure that you have mounted the harddisk accessed before
        mounting of MOs, e.g. with 'vi /etc/fstab' and by adding the line
        'aibn58:/aibn58_0    /aibn58_0    nfs    rw,soft,bg    0     0'),
    'vi /etc/rc.config'
       (add the following lines:
           #
           # Start  MO_MOUNT? (yes/no)
           #
           START_MO_MOUNT=yes
        after START_XNTPD=yes or START_LPD=yes),
    'cp /softw90/linux/INSTALL/sbin/init.d/mo_mount /sbin/init.d/mo_mount',
    'ln -s /sbin/init.d/mo_mount /sbin/init.d/rc3.d/S19momount'
       (done automatically with option 'start' when starting the system),
    'ln -s /sbin/init.d/mo_mount /sbin/init.d/rc3.d/K30momount'
       (done automatically with option 'stop' when performing system shutdown).

  When problems occur while booting, the MOs specified in '/etc/motab' are not mounted. In that case one has to enter:

    '/sbin/init.d/mo_mount start'.

  'fdisk /dev/hd?'
     (changing/viewing the partions of the harddisk ? [e.g. hdc for 3rd disk,
      i.e. master of the 2nd eIDE channel] with the following commands:
         'm': help/menu,
         'p': show all partitions,
         'l': list all types of partition IDs [swap, DOS, etc.; see 't'],
         'v': verify the entire partition table,
         'n': creating a new partition,
         't': setting a partition ID [see 'l'],
         'a': setting the boot flag,
         'd': deleting an existing partition,
         'q': quit without saving,
         'w': writing the partition table and quit [please perform 'v'
              in advance to be sure of the result];)
   'mkfs -t ext2 -i 4096 -m 1 /dev/hdc1'
     (making file system "ext2" on the 1st partition of the 3rd IDE harddisk
      with 4 kB inode density and 1% space reserved for root)
   [after these steps the harddisk can be mounted in the normal way via
    'fstab', see above].

1. Quantum Fireball (6 GB):
     brown: 0, red: 1, yellow: 2
2. Micropolis (9 GB):
     ID Jumper: black - top, bottom left to right: brown, red, yellow
     LED: black: top, brown: bottom

  'vi /sbin/init.d/boot.local'
    (for SYS V based system, for others another bootup script).
  Inserting the line:
    'hdparm -c3 /dev/hdX'
  This may boost xfer performance by 75%; testable via:
    'hdparm -t -T /dev/hdX'
      (replacing X by an appropriate number).

PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect, for normal adapter cards):

33 MHz, up to 133 MB/s,

PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association, for small cards with area: 5.4 cm × 8.6 cm used in Laptops and Notebooks; sometimes the Infrared Data Association interface IrDA is additionally used with nearly 4 MB/s):

Type I: memory cards (height: 0.33 cm),

Type II: SCSI/Modem/ISDN/... cards (height: 0.5 cm),

Type III: Hard Disks (height: 1.03 cm), and

AGP (Advanced Graphics Port, developed to allow graphic cards to fully access RAM - quite stupid idea, but working independently from PCI nevertheless useful):

AGP 1x: 66 MHz, 266 MB/s;

AGP 2x: 533 MB/s;

AGP 4x: 133 MHz, 1.04 GB/s.

For comparison:
A4 paper size: 210 mm × 297 mm, 300 dpi resolution is 2480 × 3508 pel.

Some Acronyms:
CRT: cathode ray tube, LCD: liquid crystal display, TFT: thin film transistor, CGA: color graphics array, MCGA: multi CGA, EGA: enhanced graphics array, VGA: video graphics array, SVGA: super VGA, VESA: Video Electronics Standards Association, XGA: extended graphics array, pix: picture element, pel: printed element, dpi: dots per inch (1" = 2.54 cm).

  'drive a: file="/dev/fd0" exclusive',
  'drive b: file="/dev/fd1" exclusive',
  '',
  '# J.M.B.: Iomega Zip drive',
  'drive i: file="/dev/hdd4" exclusive',
  '',
  '# First SCSI hard disk partition',
  'drive c: file="/dev/sda1"',
  '',
  '# First IDE hard disk partition',
  '#drive c: file="/dev/hda1"',
  '',
  '#dosemu floppy image',
  'drive m: file="/var/lib/dosemu/diskimage"',
  '',
  '#dosemu hdimage',
  'drive n: file="/var/lib/dosemu/hdimage.first" MTOOLS_SKIP_CHECK=1 MTOOLS_LOWER_CASE=1 MTOOLS_NO_VFAT=1 partition=1 offset=128',
  '',
  'mtools_lower_case=1'.

  'chmod go+rw /dev/hdd4'.

  'mdir'
     (displaying the content of an MSDOS directory, e.g. 'mdir a:' displays
      the files and directories of the current directory of the inserted
      3.5" diskette),
  'mcd'
     (changes a MS-DOS directory),
  'mcopy'
     (copying some MS-DOS files, e.g. 'copy * a:' copies all files of the
      current directory to the drive 'a:' corresponding to the 3.5"
      diskette; please note that you can only copy 120 files in the root
      directory '\' of an MS-DOS filesystem - if you have more files copy
      them to a subdirectory),
  'mdel'
     (deleting files of an MS-DOS file system, e.g. 'mdel a:' cleans your
      diskette),
  'mmd'
     (makes an MS-DOS subdirectory),
  'rmd'
     (removes an MS-DOS subdirectory),
  'mlabel'
     (making an MSDOS volume label),
  'man mtools'
     (getting further help about the Mtools).

  'rlogin -l username aibn75'

  'cd /aibn75_4/burner/'

  'burncd'

• Data CD:

     i (create image),
     i (use mkisofs),
     i (input directory with directory tree of data - to be available
        as '/cdrom' after mounting the burnt CD ROM),
     . ENTER,
     j (only if necessary: create joliet filesystem for Win95),
     d (create image),
     q (quit),
     q (quit),
     b (burn),
     RETURN,
     f (fix)
     q (quit);

• Audio CD:

     p (parameter),
     a (audio),
     q (quit),
     i (image),
     a (audio tracks),
     d (toggle /dev/sg0 = SCSI burner | /dev/cdrom = eIDE [faster]),
     i (read info),
     1 Enter (1st track),
     ...,
     r (read sel. tracks),
     Enter,
     q (quit),
     q (quit),
     b (burn),
     Enter,
     f (fix),
     q (quit).

  'cp -rdpu /path/dir_orig/ .'
     (copies all files, links [d: no-dereference] and subdirectories
      [r: recursively] - keeping the original owner, group,  permissions,
      and timestamps [p: preserve] - of the directory '/path/dir_orig' to
      './dir_orig' in case that there is no newer non-directory [u: update]
      which would be replaced, and it will create the directory 'dir_orig'
      in the actual directory ['.'] if it does not exist; instead of u the
      parameter i [interactive] can also be used),
  'grep "desired search String" ` find /etc -name "*" `'
     (looking for the string "desired search String" in all files
      of '/etc' or subdirectories),
  'ps auxww'
     (giving full information about all processes,
      [user, PID, %CPU, %MEM, SIZE, RSS, TTY, STAT, START, TIME, COMMAND]),
  'pstree'
     (displays a tree of processes),
  'top'
     (displays top CPU processes, with option '-u user' one can specify
      the processes of a given 'user'),
  'kill -9 PID'
     (kills the process with the process ID PID, e.g. 138),
  'which'
     (shows the path of a given command),
  'file'
     (information about the type of a given object),
  'strings'
     (print  the  strings of printable characters in files),
  'ldd'
     (lists all used shared libraries, i.e. dependencies, of a specified
      program),
  'gdb program core'
     (starts the GNU debugger for the program [incl. path] 'program' after
      it crashed with creating a core-dump file 'core'; use the command
      'quit' to exit the debugger),
  'gcc -Wall -O -o binary_name name.c'
     (compile, here incl. preprocessor and linker, the C program 'name.c'
      with all warnings and create an optimized binary 'binary_name'), 
  'strip'
     (discard symbols from object files, i.e. reducing the size of binaries
      making debugging harder),
  'make'
     (starts the utility for maintanance of groups and programs, i.e.
      working according to the local file 'GNUmakefile', 'makefile' or
      'Makefile' [searched for in that order]),
  'make clean'
     (erasing the temporary files [object files, backups etc.] of the
      previous runs of make),
  'make -n'
     (simulates a run of make with all massages),
  'dmesg'
     (printing boot messages),
  'tail -f /var/log/messages'
     (printing the last 10 and additional new lines of message file),
  'pnpdump'
     (printing plug&play information),
  'cat /proc/cpuinfo'
     (printing CPU information; similar information available for:
      'pci', 'ioports', 'interrupts', 'sound', 'version', 'modules',
      'meminfo', 'filesystems', 'devices', 'partitions', 'mounts',
      'swaps', 'stat'),
  'lsmod'
     (list loaded kernel modules),
  'uptime'
     (shows the system up time),
  'netstat'
     (displays network data),
  'route'
     (show / manipulate the IP routing table),
  Please note that one should only use the appropriate package software,
  rpm on SuSE and dpkg (and *apt*) on Debian sytems.
  'rpm -qa'
     (giving all installed software packages in the Redhat package format RPM),
  'rpm -qilp package.rpm'
     (Giving general info and the files of package),
  'rpm -U package.rpm'
     (installing or updating package),
  'rpm -V package'
     (verify installation of package),
  'rpm -e package'
     (deleting package),
  'dpkg -l > packagelist.txt'
     (giving list of all installed software packages and direct info
      to packagelist.txt),
  'dpkg  --purge tcl8.2-dev'
     (explicitly deleting a package, here 'tcl8.2-dev'),
  'dpkg --configure --pending'
     (solving problems during former installation process),
  'apt-get update'
     (getting new package lists; make sure that the FTP server is right, i.e.
      the following line should exist in '/etc/apt/sources.list':
      'deb ftp://ftp.de.debian.org/debian potato main contrib non-free'),
  'apt-get upgrade'
     (updating all installed and now improved new packages),
  'apt-get clean' and 'apt-get autoclean'
     (deleting installed package format files),
  'apt-get install console-apt'
     (installing packages, here 'console-apt'),
  'capt' or 'console-apt'
     (starting the convenient, ncurses-based install menu program, which is
      a semi-replacement for dselect and apt-get; now I give a list of valid
      keys also available by '?' [help does not work from xterm but console],
      which are similar to vi commands:
      Cursor keys (or 'j', 'h', 'k' 'l') and page keys (or 'Ctrl'-'F'|'B') for
        browsing through the displayed package list,
      'u' for updating the list, 'U' for upgrading all installed packages,
      'g' to go to the beginning of the list, 'Shift'-'g' for the end,
      '/' search specified string in the page list, 'n' going to next match,
      'c' to clear search markers, 's' for specifying the sort criterium, 
      'enter' for package description, 'R' to re-initialize package cache,
      'blank' (or '+') to mark a package for installation,
      'tab' (or '-') to mark a package for deletion,
      'backspace' (or 'i') to complete pending package removals and installs,
      'q' to end/quit the program),
  'mount -t ext2 /dev/hdb1 /mnt'
     (mount the "ext2" filesystem of the 1st partition of the 2nd IDE
      harddisk to the mountpoint '/mnt' - this directory should exist
      without containing files),
  'mount -t nfs obelix:/aibn75_1 /mnt'
     (mount the "NFS" filesystem from 'aibn75' alias 'obelix'
      to the mountpoint '/mnt'),
  'mke2fs -m 0 -i 4096 -c /dev/hda8'
     (creating a Linux second extended file system (ext2) on '/dev/hda8',
      i.e. the 8th partition of the 1st eIDE HD, with 0% reserved space
      for super-user and a bytes/inode ratio of 4096, both suitable for
      a data disk, and check the device for bad blocks before creating
      the file syste - advisable on new HDs),
  'dd if=/dev/fd0 of=dump.dat count=2880'
     (making an image of the floppy disk in the current directory as
      dump.dat),
  'dd of=/dev/fd0 if=dump.dat count=2880'
     (restoring the image dump.dat to the floppy disk),
  'mkfs -t minix /dev/fd0'
     (creating a "minix" filesystem on the floppy disk, e.g. to keep
      the package selection for installing/updating with YaST),
  'mount -t minix /dev/fd0 /mnt'
     (mounting the floppy disk with "minix" filesystem),
  'mount -t msdos /dev/sdb4 /zip'
     (mounting the 100 MB SCSI Zip disk with "MS DOS"
      filesystem),
  'xhost +IP-address'
     (allowing to redirect X output from 'IP-address', e.g. 'aibn45',
      to the local host by the person directly logged in localhost),
  'setenv DISPLAY=IP-address:0.0'
     (redirecting X output to the given IP-address),
  'lpc'
     (line printer control program, mostly done on 'aibn70' for our
      standard printer 'lps3'; you should first try the 'help' or '?'
      command in the program, mostly one has to give the command
      'clear lps3' etc.),
  'mc'
     (starts the "Midnight Commander", a directory browser/file manager
      for Unix-like operating systems),
  'dig eso.org eso.org any any'
     (getting information about an E-Mail address, here 'eso.org'),
  'nslookup 134.171.56.01'
     (getting computer names for ID, try '131.220.96.55' for our 'aibn55'),
  'finger name@computer'
     (getting information about 'name' on the machine 'computer').

  'date'
    (getting the UNIX system time),
  Old SuSE systems:
    'clock -r'
      (reading the CMOS/hardware/HW clock),
    'date 072415461999'
      (setting the UNIX system time to 24.07.1999 15:46,
       i.e. MMDDhhmmYYYY),
    'clock -w'
      (writing the UNIX system time to the CMOS clock,
       so the time information is valid after shutting
       down | rebooting the system);
  New Debian (2.2) system:
    'hwclock --localtime'
      (setting hardware/HW/CMOS clock interpretation to local time,
       see also '/etc/adjtime'),
    'hwclock  --adjust'
      (adjusting clock concerning systematic  drift),
    'hwclock --show'
      (printing HW clock),
    'hwclock --set --date="11/27/99 13:05:40"'
      (setting HW time to 27th Nov. 1999 at 13:05:40 local time),
    'hwclock --hctosys'
      (setting system time to HW data, also done by booting),
  Setting a time after an Ultrix machine:
    'netdate aibn55'.

  'cp /softw90/linux/INSTALL/etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf',
  'cp /softw90/linux/INSTALL/etc/ntp.keys /etc/ntp.keys',
  'vi /etc/rc.config'
     (add the following lines:
         #
         # Start XNTP daemon? (yes/no)
         #
         START_XNTPD=yes
      after START_LPD and before START_MO_MOUNT),
  'cp /aibn44_usr/local/bin/* /usr/local/bin',
  'cp /softw90/linux/INSTALL/sbin/init.d/xntpd /sbin/init.d/xntpd',
  'ln -s /sbin/init.d/xntpd /sbin/init.d/rc3.d/K15xntpd',
  'ln -s /sbin/init.d/xntpd /sbin/init.d/rc3.d/S16xntpd'.
      

  'cd /usr/bin', 
  'ln -s /usr/lib/midas/96NOV/system/unix/inmidas',
  'ln -s /usr/lib/midas/96NOV/system/unix/gomidas',
  'ln -s /usr/lib/midas/96NOV/system/unix/helpmidas';

  'vi /etc/ld.so.conf',
  add the line: '/usr/lib/midas/96NOV/lib',
  '/sbin/ldconfig'; 

  'cd /usr/man/manl'
  'cp /usr/lib/midas/96NOV/system/unix/manl/*.l .'.

     Electronic mail: midas@eso.org (Internet),
     Post: Data Management Division - User Support Group.
           Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2,
           D-85748 Garching bei Muenchen
           Germany
     - Telephone: (+49) 89/32006456
     - Telefax:   (+49) 89/3202362
     - Anonymous ftp: ftphost.hq.eso.org (134.171.40.2)
     - WWW          : http://http.hq.eso.org/midas-info/midas.html
     - mailing lists:
          midas-announce (for official announcements)
          midas-users    (for general discussion).
       To subscribe send an e-mail to "midas-announce-request"
       or "midas-users-request" with the text "subscribe" in
       the body of the mail.

  'cd /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/midas211',
  'tar tvZf 96NOVpl2.0_src.tar.Z > midsrc.lis',
  'tar tvzf 96NOVpl2.0.tar.gz > mid.lis'
     (looking for the content of the two main tar archives),
  'cd /usr/lib/midas',
  'tar xvfZ /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/midas211/96NOVpl2.0_src.tar.Z',
  'tar xvfZ /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/midas211/patch96NOVpl2.1_src.tar.Z'
     (Sources with patch for sources),
     [For static MOTIF libraries:
        edit '96NOV/local/make_options':
           < X_LIBS=-lXm -lXext -lXt -lX11
           > X_LIBS=-lXm -lXext -lXt -lX11 -lXpm]
  'cd 96NOV/install/unix',
  './config'
     (Setting up the configuration of the sources [pressing Enter]:
        3 - select all MIDAS packages
        5 - preinstall MIDAS
        8 - setup MIDAS
         ( next steps only necessary when no binaries are available:
           6 - install MIDAS
           9 - clean MIDAS  [after testing!])
     ),
  'tar xvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/midas211/96NOVpl2.0.tar.gz',
  'tar xvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/midas211/patch96NOVpl2.1.tar.gz',
  'tar xvfZ /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/midas211/calib.tar.Z',
  'tar xvfZ /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/midas211/demo.tar.Z'
     (Un-tarring the 4 Linux binary archives).

  [on aibn45 as jbraun]
  'cd /usr/lib',
  'tar cvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/midas211_tar/midas211.tgz midas/',
  [on aibn43 as root]
  'cd /usr/lib',
  'tar xvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/midas211_tar/midas211.tgz'
     (the made directory 'midas' will use 124 MB of disk space, campared to
      92 MB of the older version without sources; additionally one has to do
      the links, library and man-pages steps if this was not done for an old
      version, which should be moved by 
        'mv midas midas_old'
      and after the new version has prooved stable should be removed by:
        'rm -rf midas_old/').

  'cd /usr/lib/midas/96NOV/contrib/daophot/src',
  'vi allstar.for'
     (replacing '1600 ... ' by 'size of 2048 * 2048 (= 4194304) pixels'
      and including: 'contact jbraun@astro.uni-bonn.de (J.M.B.)',
      replacing '2560000' by '4194304' [parameter 'MAXFRM']),
  'vi daophot.for'
     (doing analogous changes, but for parameter 'MAXPIC'),
  'vi ../../../local/default.mk'
     (change a line to: 'MIDASHOME=/usr/lib/midas'),
  'cd /usr/lib/midas/96NOV/contrib/daophot/libsrc',
  'make'
     (creating the DAOPHOT library),
  'cd /usr/lib/midas/96NOV/contrib/daophot/src',
  'make'
     (creating the new DAOPHOT binaries).

C
      CALL STTPUT('       '//
     2'--------------------------------------------------------------',
     2ISTAT)
      CALL STTPUT('       '//
     2'                        W A R N I N G                         ',
     2ISTAT)
      CALL STTPUT(' ',ISTAT)
      CALL STTPUT('       '//
     2'This version of DAOPHOT can be used for frames with a maximum ',
     2ISTAT)
      CALL STTPUT('       '//
     2'size of 2048 * 2048 (= 4194304) pixels. In case your frame is ',
     2ISTAT)
      CALL STTPUT('       '//
     2'large than this value, DAOPHOT will not be able to process it.',
     2ISTAT)
      CALL STTPUT('       '//
     2'In such case, please contact jbraun@astro.uni-bonn.de, alias  ',
     2ISTAT)
      CALL STTPUT('       '//
     2'Jochen M. Braun (AIUB, 3.08, aibn45)        [(c) ESO JMB O-MC]',
     2ISTAT)
      CALL STTPUT('       '//
     2'--------------------------------------------------------------',
     2ISTAT)
C

  'cp /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/midas211_tar/daophot.exe /usr/lib/midas/96NOV/contrib/exec/'.

  'mkdir /usr/astro',
  'ln -s /usr/astro /astro',
  'mount -t iso9660 /dev/hdd /cdrom',
  'cd /cdrom/install',
  './runme-first',  (This and the next command will create and)
  './runme-second', (populate the directory '/home/astro'.)
  './install'  (!! Must be started in an xterm !!)
  (If there occur problems with the libraries, do:
     'setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /astro/lib' [for 'tcsh'] or
     'LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/astro/lib' [for 'bash']),
  activate 'Install to run from hard disk',
  click on all packages which should be installed
  (for IRAF: 'IRAF', 'IRAFBIN' and 'IRAFPKG',
   for HTML helpfiles: 'HTMLDOCS');

  'ln -s /astro /iraf',
  'ln -s /astro/iraf/dev/imtoolrc /usr/local/lib/imtoolrc',
  'ln -s /astro/iraf/unix/hlib/libc/iraf.h /usr/include/iraf.h',
  'mknod -m 777 /dev/imt1i p',
  'mknod -m 777 /dev/imt1o p',
  'ln -s /dev/imt1o /dev/imt1',
  'cd /usr/bin',
  'ln -s /home/astro/start.iraf iraf',
  'ln -s /astro/bin/cl cl'.

  Icon SuSE, yast, adjustment of inst., sel. inst. med., in.f.cd,
  ATAPI EIDE, on controller 1 as slave (/dev/hdd), Esc, Start/set
  up inst., change/create config, x (package selection), oldlibs6
  (mark with blank), F10 (not Esc!), F10, Start installation,
  main menu, Enter, exit YaST.

  'rlogin -l root aibn42',
  'cd /usr/lib',
  'mkdir iraf2104',
  'cd iraf2104',
  'ln -s /usr/lib/iraf2104 /usr/lib/iraf',
  'cp -Rdv /aibn44_usr/astro/* .',
    (this copies 245 MB - so be patient),
  'tar xvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/iraf_h/iraf_h.tgz'
    (created with 'tar cvfz iraf_h.tgz /home' on aibn44 as root),
  'mkdir /home'
    (if absent),
  'ln -s /usr/lib/iraf/home/astro /home/astro',
  'ln -s /usr/lib/iraf /usr/astro',
  'ln -s /usr/astro/iraf/dev/imtoolrc /usr/local/lib/imtoolrc',
  'ln -s /usr/astro/iraf/unix/hlib/libc/iraf.h /usr/include/iraf.h',
  'cd /usr/bin',
  'ln -s /home/astro/start.iraf iraf',
  'ln -s /usr/lib/iraf/bin/cl cl',
  'ln -s /usr/lib/iraf /iraf',
  'ln -s /usr/lib/iraf /astro'
     (for the installed packages like 'stsdas'),
  'vi /home/astro/start.iraf':
    '#!/bin/bash',
    'export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/lib/iraf/bin',
    'export iraf=/usr/lib/iraf/iraf/',
    'export IRAFARCH=linux',
    'saoimage &',
    'cl'.

  [jbraun on aibn42:]
  'tar cvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/iraf_tar/iraf2104.tgz iraf2104/'
     (creating the tar-archive for installations), 
  [root on aibn??:]
  '~sysstw/linux/inst/install iraf'.

1. The Netscape Navigator was installed in the directory '/usr/lib/ns301' (see the directory '/aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns301').
   Links:

     'ln -s /usr/lib/ns301/netscape /usr/bin/ns3'
     'ln -s /usr/lib/ns301/ /usr/lib/ns3'
     'ln -s /usr/lib/ns301 /usr/lib/netscape'
       (!! Change only the above link for a new version !!),
     'ln -s /usr/lib/netscape/netscape /usr/bin/netscape';

   Java-file in desired path:

     'mkdir /usr/local/netscape/java/classes/',
     'cp /usr/lib/netscape/java_301 /usr/local/netscape/java/classes'.

   Porting it to other Linux Workstations by the following commands:

     [on aibn45 as jbraun]
     'cd /usr/lib',
     'tar cvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns_tar/ns301.tgz ns301/',
     [on aibn44 as root]
     'cd /usr/lib',
     'tar xvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns_tar/ns301.tgz'
       (the made directory 'ns301' will use 5 MB of disk space;
        additionally one has to create the symbolic links as described
        above).

2. Installation of the new version Netscape Communicator 4.02b7 from the FTP account 'ftp.uni-augsburg.de' in the directory '/pub/packages/netscape/communicator/4.02/4.02b7/english/unix/linux20' on 'aibn45':

     'cd /usr/lib',
     'mkdir ns402b7',
     'cd ns402b7',
     'cp /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns402b7/* .',
     'gzip -dc communicator-v402b7-export.x86-unknown-linux2.0.tar.gz | tar -xvf -'
        (this will create many files in the active directory),
     'rm communicator-v402b7-export.x86-unknown-linux2.0.tar.gz',
     'mkdir java/',
     'mkdir java/classes/',
     'mv *.jar ./java/classes/'
        (JAVA classes),
     'gzip -dc nethelp-v402b7.nif | tar -xf -',
     'gzip -dc netscape-v402b7.nif | tar -xf -',
     'gzip -dc spellchk-v402b7.nif | tar -xf -',
     'rm *.nif'.

   Changing the link to the new directory:

     'rm /usr/lib/netscape',
     'ln -s /usr/lib/ns402b7 /usr/lib/netscape'.

   Additionally each user should add in the Linux branch of his '~/.cshrc' file the following lines:

     '# For the new Netscape Communicator 4.02b7',
     '      setenv MOZILLA_HOME /usr/lib/ns402b7'
                     (for '~/.bashrc' you need the following two lines instead:
                        'MOZILLA_HOME=/usr/lib/ns402b7',
                        'export MOZILLA_HOME').

   These steps were done on the 'aibn45', and then the installation was ported to e.g. 'aibn43' by the following commands:

     [on aibn45 as jbraun]
     'cd /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src',
     'mkdir ns_tar',
     'cd /usr/lib',
     'tar cvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns_tar/ns402b7.tgz ns402b7/',
     [on aibn43 as root]
     'cd /usr/lib',
     'tar xvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns_tar/ns402b7.tgz'
       (the made directory 'ns402b7' will use 23 MB of disk space;
        additionally one has to create the symbolic links as described
        above).

3. Installation of the new version Netscape Navigator 4.03b8 from the FTP account 'ftp.uni-paderborn.de' in the directory '/ftp/disk3/unix/netscape/communicator/4.03/4.03b8/english/unix/linux20/navigator_standalone' on 'aibn44':

     'cd /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src',
     'mkdir ns403b8_pad',
     'cd ns403b8_pad',
     'ftp ftp.uni-paderborn.de',
        'cd /ftp/disk3/unix/netscape/communicator/4.03/4.03b8/english/unix/linux20/navigator_standalone',
        'get README.license.txt',
        'get README.txt',
        'get navigator-v403-export.x86-unknown-linux2.0.tar.gz',
        'quit',
     'cd /usr/lib',
     'mkdir ns403b8',
     'cd ns403b8',
     'cp /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns403b8_pad/* .',
     'gzip -dc navigator-v403-export.x86-unknown-linux2.0.tar.gz | tar -xvf -',
     'rm navigator-v403-export.x86-unknown-linux2.0.tar.gz',
     'mkdir java/',
     'mkdir java/classes/',
     'mv *.jar ./java/classes/',
     'gzip -dc nethelp-v403.nif | tar -xf -',
     'gzip -dc netscape-v403.nif | tar -xf -',
     'rm *.nif',
     'ln -s /usr/lib/ns403b8/netscape /usr/bin/ns4',
     'ln -s /usr/lib/ns403b8/ /usr/lib/ns4'.

   Additionally each user should add in the Linux branch of his '~/.cshrc' file the following lines:

     '# For the new Netscape Navigator 4.03b8',
     '      setenv MOZILLA_HOME /usr/lib/ns403b8'
                     (for '~/.bashrc' you need the following two lines instead:
                        'MOZILLA_HOME=/usr/lib/ns403b8',
                        'export MOZILLA_HOME')

   and the following line in the '.alias-linux' file:

     'alias ns4 "/usr/lib/ns403b8/netscape -install"'.

   These steps were done on the 'aibn44', and then the installation was ported to e.g. 'aibn43' by the following commands:

     [on aibn44 as jbraun]
     'cd /usr/lib',
     'tar cvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns_tar/ns403b8.tgz ns403b8/',
     [on aibn43 as root]
     'cd /usr/lib',
     'tar xvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns_tar/ns403b8.tgz'
       (the made directory 'ns403b8' will use 15 MB of disk space;
        additionally one has to create the symbolic links as described
        above).

4. Installation of the new version Netscape Navigator 4.04 from the FTP account 'ftp.netscape.com' in the directory '/pub/communicator/4.04/shipping/english/unix/linux20/navigator_standalone' on 'aibn45' [as root]:

     'cd /usr/lib',
     'mkdir ns404',
     'cd ns404',
     'gzip -dc /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns404/navigator-v404-export.x86-unknown-linux2.0.tar.gz | tar -xvf -',
     'mkdir java/',
     'mkdir java/classes/',
     'mv *.jar ./java/classes/',
     'gzip -dc nethelp-v404.nif | tar -xf -',
     'gzip -dc netscape-v404.nif | tar -xf -',
     'rm  *.nif',
     'rm /usr/bin/ns4',
     'ln -s /usr/lib/ns404/netscape /usr/bin/ns4',
     'rm /usr/lib/ns4',
     'ln -s /usr/lib/ns404/ /usr/lib/ns4',
     'rm -f /usr/lib/netscape',
     'ln -s /usr/lib/ns4 /usr/lib/netscape'.

   Porting it to other Linux Workstations by the following commands:

     [on aibn45 as jbraun]
     'cd /usr/lib',
     'tar cvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns_tar/ns404.tgz ns404/',
     [on aibn44 as root]
     'cd /usr/lib',
     'tar xvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/ns_tar/ns404.tgz'
       (the made directory 'ns404' will use 15 MB of disk space;
        additionally one has to create the symbolic links as described
        above).

5. Additionally each user should add in the Linux branch of his '~/.cshrc' file the following lines:

     '# For the new Netscape Navigator 4',
     '      setenv MOZILLA_HOME /usr/lib/ns4'
                     (for '~/.bashrc' you need the following two lines instead:
                        'MOZILLA_HOME=/usr/lib/ns4',
                        'export MOZILLA_HOME')

   and the following line in the '.alias-linux' file:

     'alias ns4 "ns4 -install"'.

6. With the new install scripts, 'root' should simply type:

     '~sysstw/linux/inst/install ns'

   and the user needs only the environment variable 'NSlinux'.

  'cd /usr/lib',
  'mkdir mosaic27b',
  'cd mosaic27b',
  'cp /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/mosaic27b5/Mosaic-linux-static-motif-2.7b5.gz .',
  'mv Mosaic-linux-static-motif-2.7b5.gz Mosaic.gz',
  'gunzip Mosaic.gz'
     (the file Mosaic will use 9 MB of disk space),
  'chmod ugo+x Mosaic',
  'ln -s /usr/lib/mosaic27b /usr/lib/Mosaic'
    (!! Change only the above link for a new version !!),
  'ln -s /usr/lib/Mosaic/Mosaic /usr/bin/Mosaic'.

1. The W3C Amaya browser was installed in the directory '/usr/lib/amaya11c'.
   1st installation on aibn45 as root:

     'cd /usr/lib',
     'mkdir amaya11c',
     'cp ~sysstw/linux/amaya/amaya-java-LINUX-1.1c.tar.gz',
     'tar xvzf amaya-java-LINUX-1.1c.tar.gz',
     'ln -s /usr/lib/amaya11c/Thot/LINUX/bin/amaya /usr/bin/amaya'.

2. Installing it on all the Linux machines at the Sternwarte:

     [on aibn45 as jbraun]
     'cd /usr/lib',
     'tar cvfz ~sysstw/linux/amaya_tar/amaya311c.tgz amaya11c/',
     [on aibn44 as root]
     '~sysstw/linux/inst/install amaya'
       (this made the directory 'amaya11c', which uses 18 MB of disk space).

• installation:
  We have installed the program giftrans 1.12 in the following steps:

    'rlogin -l root aibn44',
    'cd /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/giftrans112',
    'make clean;make'
      (compiling the program),
    'rlogin -l root aibnXX'
      (logging in one of the Linux machines, i.e. XX = 43|44|45),
    'make install'
      (copying the manual page and the binary file in the standard Unix
       directories).

  This is no longer necessary cos this program is part of the standard Linux distribution.
• usage:
  Small helptext about giftrans:

  Call:
  
  giftrans [-options] source.gif > dest.gif
  
  Description:
  
  The program giftrans is able to create GIFs with transparent backgrounds.
  This may be useful for the WWW presentations.
  The current installed version was 1.11.
  
  How-to:
  
  Typing 'giftrans' will plot:
  
  Usage: giftrans [-t color|-T] [-B color] [-b color] [-g oldcolor=newcolor]
                  [-c comment|-C [-l|-L|-V] [-o filename] [-e filename] [filename]
  Convert any GIF file into a GIF89a, with the folloing changes possible:
  -t Specify the transparent color
  -T Index of the transparent color is the background color index
  -B Specify the transparent color's new value
  -b Specify the background color
  -g Change a color in the global color table
  -c Add a comment
  -C Remove old comment
  -l Only list the color table
  -L Verbose output of GIFs contents
  -V Verbose output while converting
  -o Redirect stdout to a file
  -e Redirect stderr to a file
  Colors may be specified as index, as rgb.txt entry or in the #rrggbb form.
  
  Normally it is sufficient to view the original GIF file with 'xv source.gif'
  and to press 'e' for color editor.
  At the top left side the color palette is shown.
  One has to count the position (e.g. 5th) of the desired background color in
  the palette (starting with 0, going from line to line (15 lines with 16 columns
  and 1 line with 10 columns).
  Thus one has to enter:
  
    giftrans -t 5 source.gif > dest.gif
  
  and one gets the transparent file dest.gif.
  
  I had created the Linux-Logo in that way:
    'giftrans -t 248 Logo.gif > Logot.gif'
    (see /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/patch/Logo.gif)

  'chmod 666 /dev/hdd'

  '[login as root on a Linux workstation]',
  '/aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/cdtool12/inst_cdt.csh'
    (this will do the following steps:
       'echo "Now making the Manual pages for CDTOOL ..."',
       'cp /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/cdtool12/cdtool.1.gz /usr/man/man1/',
       'ln -s /usr/man/man1/cdtool.1.gz /usr/man/man1/cdeject.1.gz',
       'ln -s /usr/man/man1/cdtool.1.gz /usr/man/man1/cdir.1.gz',
       'ln -s /usr/man/man1/cdtool.1.gz /usr/man/man1/cdpause.1.gz',
       'ln -s /usr/man/man1/cdtool.1.gz /usr/man/man1/cdplay.1.gz',
       'ln -s /usr/man/man1/cdtool.1.gz /usr/man/man1/cdstop.1.gz',
       'ln -s /usr/man/man1/cdtool.1.gz /usr/man/man1/cdvolume.1.gz',
       'echo "Now installing CDTOOL for Linux ..."',
       'mkdir /usr/bin/cdtool',
       'cp /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/cdtool12/cdtool /usr/bin/cdtool/',
       'cp /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/cdtool12/cdadd.sh /usr/bin/cdtool/',
       'ln -s /usr/bin/cdtool/cdtool /usr/bin/cdeject',
       'ln -s /usr/bin/cdtool/cdtool /usr/bin/cdir',
       'ln -s /usr/bin/cdtool/cdtool /usr/bin/cdpause',
       'ln -s /usr/bin/cdtool/cdtool /usr/bin/cdplay',
       'ln -s /usr/bin/cdtool/cdtool /usr/bin/cdstop',
       'ln -s /usr/bin/cdtool/cdtool /usr/bin/cdvolume',
       'ln -s /usr/bin/cdtool/cdadd.sh /usr/bin/cdadd').

  'cd /usr/lib',
  'mkdir asWedit',
  'cd asWedit',
  'cp /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/asWedit30/* .',
  'gunzip asWedit-3.0-i386.linux.tar.gz',
  'tar xvf asWedit-3.0-i386.linux.tar',
  'rm asWedit-3.0-i386.linux.tar',
  'mv asWedit-3.0/* .',
  'rmdir asWedit-3.0',
  'ln -s /usr/lib/asWedit/asWedit /usr/bin/asWedit'.

  'alias asWedit "asWedit -helpdir /usr/lib/asWedit/"'.

  [on aibn45 as jbraun]
  'cd /usr/lib',
  'tar cvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/asWedit30_tar/asWedit30.tgz asWedit/',
  [on aibn43 as root]
  'cd /usr/lib',
  'tar xvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/asWedit30_tar/asWedit30.tgz'
      (the made directory 'asWedit' will use 2.3 MB of disk space; additionally
       one has to create the symbolic link as described above).

  [on aibn45 as jbraun]
  'cd /usr/lib',
  'tar cvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/tex_tar/style97.tgz style/'
  [on aibn39 as root]
  '~sysstw/linux/inst/install texstyle'
     (this will create the directory '/usr/lib/teTeX/texmf/tex/style' using
      1 MB of disk space).

The above passage is out of date. New style files are installed in the standard manner. To see manuals etc. of the locally (where your browser is running) installed style files, look at the URL:
    file:///usr/lib/teTeX/texmf/doc/index.html (SuSE) or
    file:///usr/share/doc/texmf/index.html (Debian).

On Debian system one has to do prepare new style files and ducumentation used in StwUB, here demonstrated with 'mnras' subdirectories for style-files of "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", by:

  'slogin -l root aibn75',
  'cd /aibn75_1/install/tex/texmf/tex/latex/',
  'mkdir mnras',
  'cp /special_path/mn.sty ./mnras/'
    (copying '*.sty' and '*.cls' files),
  'cd /aibn75_1/install/tex/doc/texmf/latex/',
  'mkdir mnras',
  'cp /special_path/*mn*.t?? ./mnras/'
    (copying documentation files, e.g. '*.txt', '*.tex', '*.ps' etc.),
  'cd /aibn75_1/install/tex',
  'tar cvfz sysstw_styles.tgz texmf/ doc/'
    (creating fresh style tar for adding to standard Debian - teTeX tree).

  'slogin -l root aibn45',
  'cd /aibn75_1/install/tex',
  './install_tex.sh'
    (running script making deletion and untarring stuff).

  '#old (changed in latest Debian, see below): cd /usr/share/texmf/doc/latex',
  'cd /usr/share/doc/texmf/latex',
  'mkdir mnras',
  'cp -dpv documentation_files ./mnras/'
    (copying [or untarring] all documentation files to the new directory),
  'cd /usr/share/texmf/tex/latex',
  'mkdir mnras',
  'cp -dpv style_2.09_or_class_2e_files ./mnras/'
    (copying [or untarring] all style/class files to the new directory),
  'texhash'
    (updating the TeX tree by rebuilding all necessary ls-R filename databases),
  '#old: /usr/share/texmf/doc/mkhtml > /usr/share/texmf/doc/helpindex.html',
  '/usr/share/doc/texmf/mkhtml > /usr/share/doc/texmf/newhelpindex.html',
    (this will build the new HTML index with new MNRAS files linked;
     somtimes 'mkhtml' has to be edited to make links also to '*.txt' files
     and other interesting documents).

  'cd /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/sm240',
  'ftp calliope.cis.mcmaster.ca'
    (username: guest, password: sm2.4.0-97),
  'binary',
  'get sm2_4_0.tar.gz',
  'get sm2_4_0.html.gz',
  'get Release_notes',
  'quit'.

  'zcat /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/sm240/sm2_4_0.tar.gz | tar tvf -'
     (looking for the desired path of the sources),
  'cd /usr/lib',
  'zcat /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/sm240/sm2_4_0.tar.gz | tar xvf -'
    (this will create the directory 'sm2_4_0' [the - at the end is
     important and stands for standard-IO, the message 'Broken Pipe'
     at the end of the command can be ignored]),
  'cd sm2_4_0',
  'more sm.install',
  './set_opts'
    ('set_opts' will ask several questions and then configures sm
     for the specified system, e.g. linux, X11, double, [defaults],
         binaries                        /usr/lib/sm/bin
         linkable libraries              /usr/lib/sm/lib
         SM files (e.g. graphcap)        /usr/lib/sm
         info files                      /usr/lib/sm/info
         manual pages                    /usr/man/man1
     etc.),
  'vi src/options.h'
    (when the configuration is done, one has to edit this file as
     'set_opts' warns one to do: "remove our copyright notice"),
  'make',
  'chown -R root.root *'
     (if the owner.group - info is not right),
  'strip sm rasterise'
     (stipping the created two binaries),
  'make install',
  'make clean'.

  'ln -s /usr/lib/sm/bin/sm /usr/bin/sm',
  'ln -s /usr/lib/sm/bin/rasterise /usr/bin/rasterise'.

  'device X11'
     (using X11 for output),
  'TeX_strings 1'
     (using TeX commands),
  'file_type fits'
     (using pictures in FITS format).

  [on aibn45 as jbraun]
  'cd /usr/lib',
  'tar cvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/sm240_tar/sm240.tgz sm/',
  'cp /usr/man/man1/sm.1.gz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/sm240_tar/',
  [on aibn43 as root]
  'cd /usr/lib',
  'tar xvfz /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/sm240_tar/sm240.tgz'
    (the made directory 'sm' will use 2 MB of disk space; additionally
     one has to create the symbolic links as described above),
  'cp /aibn44_usr/lib/jmb_src/sm240_tar/sm.1.gz /usr/man/man1'.

  /sbin/init.d/junkbuster {start|stop}

  'cd /etc/mail',
  'vi sendmail.cf',
    ...
    # "Smart" relay host (may be null)
    DSaibn55
    ...
    # who gets all local email traffic ($R has precedence for unqualified names)
    DHaibn55
    ...

  'vi ~/.procmailrc'
     (editing or creating of the procmail configuration file),
  'vi ~/bin/do_procm.sh'
     (editing or creating of the Bourne shell script calling procmail),
  'cdmail'
     (alias for going to the mail directory; this and a few other commands
      should be defined in the personal '~/.alias' file by:
        'alias cdmail "cd /.../mails"'
           [go to your personal mail directory],
        'alias post "mailstat /.../mails/procm.log"'
           [giving report of automatically sorted mails],
        'alias rmail "cdmail; mail -f inbox.m"'
           [reading mails not sorted in special files],
        'alias lmail "grep From: /var/spool/mail/username"'
           [listing actual mails which have not yet been sorted;
            username has to be replaced adequately],
        'alias mailq55 "rsh aibn55 mailq"'
           [looking for sent mails which got stuck on our mail server]),
  'vi rc.folders'
     (giving the mail folders, i.e. ASCII files, which can be looked
      at by 'mail -f ...'; they should exist or should be created as
      0 byte file by 'touch ...', e.g. in 'do_procm.sh'),
  'vi ~/.fvwm2rc'
     (setting the mail sign from the standard path to the new input folder
      input.m, e.g. '... Exec coolmail -f /.../inbox.m -geometry ...'),
  'vi ~/.login'
     (appending the following lines:
        'if ($MACH == "pc") then',
        '  post',
        'endif'
       or something similar),
  'crontab -e'
     (editing the cron table on the favourite Linux machine, e.g. adding
        '0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55 * * * * $HOME/bin/do_procm.sh'
      for getting the mails every 5 minutes, this will modify/create the
      root file '/var/cron/tabs/username'),
  'crontab -l'
     (verifying the crontab entries).