History of Astronomy : Topics

History of Astronomy: Topics: Calendars, Time and Chronology

• Horology - The Index
• A Walk Through Time: Evolution of Time Measurement
  From ancient calendars to the "atomic" age, including a bibliography
• Time: General
  Royal Greenwich Observatory Information Leaflet No. 27
• Dates and Dating
  From the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913

• CalendarLand
• Calendars: General
  Royal Greenwich Observatory Information Leaflet No. 50
• Links to Web calendar resources / Calendar Bibliography
• Calendar
• Calendar Conversions
  Julian day number, Day of week, Gregorian calendar, Julian calendar, Jewish calendar, French republican calendar.
• The Calendar FAQ
• Calendar History
• Calendar Links
• Greek Science: Calendars in the Classical world, by Anne Rego
• Calendars, by Michelle Satorhelyi (5 Oct 2001: disappeared)
• The Seven-Day Week and the Meanings of the Names of the Days
• A History of the Months and the Meanings of their Names
• Focusing on Words (25 July 1996: disappeared?)
  This site will be presenting "time systems of the world, past and present", and starts with a combination of the Julian and Gregorian calendars
• Leap Years (Julian vs. Gregorian calendar)
  Royal Greenwich Observatory Information Leaflet No. 48
• Leap Years and Our Calendar
• The Year 2000 AD
  Royal Greenwich Observatory Information Leaflet No. 52
• Das verflixte Jahr Null, von Wolf Broda (in German)
• Wereldtijden/Kalenders - World Time Zones/Calendars
• A Study of Regiomontanus' Calendario

• Perpetual Calendar
  An historically oriented calendar
• Perpetual Calendar
  Uses the Unix cal command. The calendar produced is that for England and English colonies, i.e. Julian Calendar for dates before 3rd September 1752, and Gregorian for all subsequent dates.
• WWW Calendar Generator v2 (Perpetual Calendar) (12 Oct 1998: disappeared)
  (I haven't tested for these simple calendars whether they work correctly for past centuries! W.R.D.)
• Julian Day Calendar
  Including some important Julian Dates in the history of astronomy
• Online Julian date conversion
• Programs for historical chronology
• Calendar programs
  • Calendar
    Program in JavaScript which gives the calendar of the year after 325.
  • Moon
    Program in JavaScript which gives the New and Full Moons of the year and eclipses.
• MathSource: Calendar and Date Computations

• Astronomische Kalender [aus der Steinzeit in Gotland] (in German)
• 8th to 4th Century B.C. Calendar Changes

• The Roman Kalendar
• Roman Calendar
• Early Roman Calendars

• Julian Calendar
• Die Kalenderreform Caesars. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte seiner Spätzeit, von Jürgen Malitz (in German)
  Ancient Society 18, 1987, S. 103 - 131.
• The Great Pagan Midwinter Sacrifice and the Royal Mounds at Uppsala, by Göran Henriksson
  About the introduction of the Julian calendar in Sweden
• Julian Calendar
  From the point of view of the Russian Orthodox Church where it is still in use.
• The Julian Calendar
  Also from the point of view of the Russian Orthodox Church
• Find more about the Julian Calendar with Alta Vista

• Gregorian Calendar
• Gregorian Calendar
• The Gregorian Calendar
• Aloisius Lilius / Gregorian Reform of the Calendar, by J.G. Hagen
  From the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913
• Reform of the Calendar
  From the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913
• The transition from Julian to Gregorian Calendar
  for the transition in different countries.
• The British Switch to the Gregorian Calendar
• Tomar Grigorieann havitenakan, 1584
  (A Gregorian calendar for all eternity)
• Find more about the Gregorian Calendar with Alta Vista

• Chinese Calendar Home Page
• Chinese Calendar
• Chinese Calendar (Or see here.)
  JPL Press Release.
• The Chinese Calendar, by Helmer Aslaksen
• Time Zero of the Lunar Calendar
  About the Chinese Lunar Calendar

• A Calendar From the Hebrew Scriptures, by Ivan Labombarbe
• Hebrew Calendar
• Brief History and Outline of the Hebrew Calendar's Structure
• Jewish Calendar
  From the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913

• Gregorian-Hijri Dates Converter
  Islamic calendar

• The Aztec Calendar
• Aztec Calendar or Sun Stone
  Describes a carved 'Sun Stone' that is now in the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City.
• Mayan Calendar

• Mesopotamian calendar (7 Sep 1998: disappeared)
• Mesopotamian Year Names, by Marcel Sigrist and Peter Damerow

• Persian Calendar
• Muslim Calendar
• The Islamic Calendar, by Helmer Aslaksen

• Calculation of the Ecclesiastical Calendar
  • Notes on the Orthodox Easter and the algorithm by Gauss
  • etc.
• Date of Easter
  Royal Greenwich Observatory Information Leaflet No. 57
• Determining the Date of Easter
• Easter, Rosh Hashanah and Passover Gregorian and Julian Easter Sunday Coincidences
• Find more about the Date of Easter with Alta Vista
• American University file archives
  • Miscellaneous [Catholic] Files
    Including catholic calendars

• The Sun, the Moon, and Happy New Year in Japan by Steve Renshaw

• Moon Months
• Epact
  About the Lunar calendar. From the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913

• John Dee and the English Calendar: Science, Religion and Empire, by Robert Poole

• A Brief History of Time: From Thales to Callippus by Chris Weinkopf
  A student's course paper
• Timekeeping at the U.S. Naval Observatory (History)

See also:

• History of Astronomy: Topics: Instruments (sections "General", "Clocks and chronometers", "Sundials")
• Calendars and Chronology WWW links
• Google Web Directory - Science > Astronomy > Calendars and Timekeeping
• Reference: Calendars WWW links from Yahoo

Wolfgang R. Dick. Created: 22 Nov 1995. Latest update: 20 Feb 2002